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Vol 58(2024) N 4 p. 672-682; DOI 10.1134/S0026893324700250 Full Text

M.V. Shepelev1, D.S. Komkov1,2, D.S. Golubev1, S.E. Borovikova3, D.V. Mazurov1,4, N.A. Kruglova1*

Donor DNA Modification with Cas9 Targeting Sites Improves the Efficiency of MTC34 Knock-in into the CXCR4 Locus

1Center of Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
2Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501 Israel
3Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia
4Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455 USA


*natalya.a.kruglova@yandex.ru
Received - 2023-11-03; Revised - 2023-12-04; Accepted - 2023-12-04

To successfully apply the genome editing technology using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the clinic, it is necessary to achieve a high efficiency of knock-in, which is insertion of a genetic construct into a given locus of the target cell genome. One of the approaches to increase the efficiency of knock-in is to modify donor DNA with the same Cas9 targeting sites (CTS) that are used to induce double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the cell genome (the double-cut donor method). Another approach is based on introducing truncated CTS (tCTS), including a PAM site and 16 proximal nucleotides, into the donor DNA. Presumably, tCTS sites do not induce cleavage of the donor plasmid, but can support its transport into the nucleus by Cas9. However, the exact mechanisms whereby these two donor DNA modifications increase the knock-in level are unknown. In this study, the modifications were tested for effect on the knock-in efficiency of the MTC34 genetic construct encoding the HIV-1 fusion inhibitory peptide MT-C34 into the CXCR4 locus of the CEM/R5 T-cell line. When full-length CTSs were introduced into the donor plasmid DNA, the knock-in level was doubled regardless of the CTS number or position relative to the donor sequence. Modifications with tCTSs did not affect the knock-in levels. In vitro, both CTS and tCTS were efficiently cleaved by Cas9. To understand the mechanism of action of these modifications in detail, it is necessary to evaluate their cleavage both in vitro and in vivo.

CRISPR/Cas9, genome editing, T cells, knock-in, donor DNA, Cas9 targeting site, DNA nuclear transport



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