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Vol 57(2023) N 4 p. 584-592; DOI 10.1134/S0026893323040155  E.S. Shilkin1, D.V. Petrova2,3, D.O. Zharkov2,3*, A.V. Makarova1** Alternative Mechanisms of Mutagenesis at mCpG Sites during Replication and Repair 1Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182 Russia2Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 3Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia *amakarova-img@yandex.ru Received - 2022-12-08; Revised - 2023-02-06; Accepted - 2023-02-08 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (mC) at CpG sites plays a key role in the epigenetic gene regulation, cell differentiation, and carcinogenesis. Despite the importance of mC for normal cell function, CpG dinucleotides are known as mutagenesis hotspots. Deamination of mC yields T, causing C→T transitions. However, several recent studies demonstrated the effect of epigenetic modifications of C on the fidelity and efficiency of DNA polymerases and excision repair enzymes. The review summarizes the available data that indicate the existence of deamination-independent mechanisms of mutagenesis at CpG sites. 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, CpG sites, DNA polymerases, DNA lesions, repair |
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