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Vol 54(2020) N 3 p. 382-390; DOI 10.1134/S0026893320030139 ![]() Y. Pi1,2, K.Z. He1, W.Q. Zhang1, Z.Q. Dong2,3, F.G. Jiang4, K.J. Jiang5*, S. Guo2** Complexity of Detecting CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Homologous Recombination in Zebrafish 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China2Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Programs in Human Genetics and Biological Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2811 USA 3Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China 4Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA 5East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200090 China *jiangkj@ecsf.ac.cn **su.guo@fudan.edu.cn Received - 2019-02-28; Revised - 2019-09-30; Accepted - 2019-11-05 Homology-directed (HD) genome modification offers an opportunity to precisely modify the genome. Despite reported successful cases, for many loci, precise genome editing remains challenging and inefficient in vivo. Here we report an effort to precisely knock-in a GFP reporter into gad locus mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 system in the zebrafish Danio rerio. PCR artifact was detected in testing for homologous recombination (HR), but was mitigated by optimizing PCR condition and decreasing the injected targeting plasmid concentration. Under this optimized condition, time course analysis revealed a decline of the HR-positive embryos at embryogenesis progressed. GFP signals also diminished at later developmental stages. The GFP signals were consistent with PCR detection, both of which suggested the loss of targeted insertion events at later stages. Such loss of insertion might be one underlying reason for the inability to obtain germ-line transgenic lines with GFP knocked into the gad locus. Our results suggest that the low HR efficiency associated with CRISPR-mediated knock-in is in part due to loss of insertion after targeted integration into the gad locus. CRISPR, genome modification, complexity, zebrafish |