A cDNA clone containing a fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (ALD) gene, designated ClAldC, was isolated from the medicinal plant Codonopsis lanceolata. ClAldC is predicted to encode a precursor protein of 358 amino acid residues and its sequence shares high degrees of homology with a number of other ALDs. The expression of ClAldC in different C. lanceolata organs was analyzed using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. The results showed that ClAldC is highly expressed in the stems of an intact plant, while expressed at low level in leaves and roots. In addition, the expression of ClAldC under different abiotic stresses was analyzed at different points in time. Three tested abiotic stimuli, i.e., anoxygenic stress, hydrogen peroxide, and chilling, triggered a significant induction of ClAldC within 2-8 h post-treatment. However, there was no induction under the other four stresses, i.e., NaCl, wounding, light, and dark. The positive responses of ClAldC to the three abiotic stimuli suggested that C. lanceolata ClAldC may help to protect against environmental stresses such as anoxia, chilling and oxidative stress.