JMB-HEADER RAS-JOURNALS EIMB Pleiades Publishing

RUS

             

ENG

YearIMPACT-FACTOR
2022  1,200
2021  1,540
2020  1,374
2019  1,023
2018  0,932
2017  0,977
2016  0,799
2015  0,662
2014  0,740
2013  0,739
2012  0,637
2011  0,658
2010  0,654
2009  0,570
2008  0,849
2007  0,805
2006  0,330
2005  0,435
2004  0,623
2003  0,567
2002  0,641
2001  0,490
2000  0,477
1999  0,762
1998  0,785
1997  0,507
1996  0,518
1995  0,502
Vol 55(2021) N 6 p. 786-812; DOI 10.1134/S0026893321040105 Full Text

A.A. Zenchenko1, M.S. Drenichev1*, I.A. Ilyicheva1, S.N. Mikhailov1†

Antiviral and Antimicrobial Nucleoside Derivatives: Structural Features and Mechanisms of Action

1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, 119991 Russia

*mdrenichev@mail.ru
Received - 2021-01-20; Revised - 2021-04-03; Accepted - 2021-04-09

The emergence of new viruses and resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms has become a powerful stimulus in the search for new drugs. Nucleosides are a promising class of natural compound, and more than a hundred drugs have already been created based on them, including antiviral, antibacterial and antitumor agents. The review considers the structural and functional features and mechanisms of action of known nucleoside analogs with antiviral, antibacterial, or antiprotozoal activity. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms that determine the antiviral effect of nucleoside analogs containing hydrophobic fragments. Depending on the structure and position of the hydrophobic substituent, such nucleosides can either block the process of penetration of viruses into cells or inhibit the stage of genome replication. The mechanisms of inhibition of viral enzymes by compounds of nucleoside and non-nucleoside nature have been compared. The stages of creation of antiparasitic drugs, which are based on the peculiarities of metabolic transformations of nucleosides in humans body and parasites, have been considered. A new approach to the creation of drugs is described, based on the use of prodrugs of modified nucleosides, which, as a result of metabolic processes, are converted into an effective drug directly in the target organ or tissue. This strategy makes it possible to reduce the general toxicity of the drug to humans and to increase the effectiveness of its action on cells infected by the virus.

biosynthesis of nucleosides, antibacterial activity, antiviral activity, antiprotozoal activity, RNA viruses, target enzymes, hydrophobic derivatives of nucleosides



JMB-FOOTER RAS-JOURNALS